The purple-tailed hawks of Puerto Rico regularly consume Puerto Rican freshwater crabs (Epilobocera sinuatifrons), which normal 9.4 g (.33 oz). Therefore, wild goshawks can dispatch larger prey both on common and at maximum prey size, with some victims of female goshawks these as free Adult cam sites hares and galliforms these kinds of as turkey and capercaillie weighing up to or exceeding around 4,000 g (8.8 lb). Known amphibian prey has ranged to as compact as the .75 g (.026 oz) crimson-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus), the smallest regarded vertebrate prey for red-tailed hawks, to the 430 g (15 oz) American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus). The smallest regarded snake identified to be hunted by pink-tailed hawks is the six g (.21 oz) redbelly snake (Storeria occipitomaculata). Along the Columbia River in Washington, significant colubrid snakes were being located to be the principal prey, with the japanese racer (Coluber constrictor), which averages about 556 g (1.226 lb) in experienced grownups, the most normally recorded at 21.3% of one hundred fifty prey products, followed by the gopher snake at 18%. This riverine region lacks ground squirrels and has low figures of leporids.