When the Human Genome Project was declared completed in 2003, it had mapped 92% of genes, with the rest remaining a mystery for nearly two decades due to technological limitations. Now, scientists have finished sequencing the other 8%, daftar qq online and the . Almost 100 scientists from the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium collaborated on the project to map the entire human genome. The [url=]additional 8% that was sequenced accounts for 400 million new letters added to the existing sequenced DNA -- enough for an entire chromosome, as CNN . The additional genes are very important for adaptation, according to Evan Eichler, one of the major contributors to the main paper on the research and a professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. They include immune response genes enabling humans to adapt to and survive infections, plagues, and viruses, as well as genes that enable human brains to grow larger than those of other primates.
"I've always come back to that point that, to understand genetic variation comprehensively, we need to have a reference that's complete," [url=]Eichler said in a press release. "95% of the puzzle being solved is good enough for some people. But I guess for me, getting that last 5% was so important because I believe so much of what we don't understand about disease, or we don't understand about evolution, is disproportionately represented in that 5% of the of the genome that we didn't sequence first off."
This is another big step in enabling humans to sequence their individual genomes, which could drop in accessibility and cost to become a routine medical test that could run you under $1,000, study author Adam Phillippy, a genomicist with the National Institutes of Health, told CNN. In the meantime, scientists will be able to use the completed genome to investigate whether genetic variations are linked to particular cancers.
Even with this accomplishment, more work -- and deeper understanding -- lies ahead.
"We finished a genome. There will be hundreds, probably thousands of genomes over the next few years," Eichler said in a statement. "I think our view of how humans differ from each other is going to be transformed, and how more complex genetic variation is important not only for making us human, but also making us different."
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